Current smart manufacturing technologies face significant challenges, particularly in ensuring the health status of equipment within smart factories.
The manufacturing of machined parts directly determines the performance boundaries of the entire machine, with their production quality and efficiency having a critical impact on industrial competitiveness.
In the manufacturing process of industrial products, spraying is widely adopted as a common surface finishing technique. Manual spraying presents numerous drawbacks, such as high labor intensity for workers and hazardous environments that threaten their health.
